Elliptic-curve cryptography
Victor S. Miller and Neal Koblitz
ECC is a public-key method based on elliptic curves over finite fields. Proposed independently by Koblitz and Miller in 1985. Delivers equivalent security to RSA and ElGamal with smaller keys. Security rests on the hardness of the elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem — specifically, recovering scalar k from points P and Q = kP — and on efficient yet irreversible point multiplication for appropriate parameters.