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9:09

IEEE 802.11

IEEE

IEEE 802.11 is the foundational WLAN standard family. It defines MAC and PHY protocols for wireless local area networking. It uses CSMA/CA for channel access. It supports multiple bands and modulation schemes. It enables interoperability with Ethernet and IP. It was first released in 1997. Amendments extend functionality without replacing the base.

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10:40

IEEE 802.1Q

IEEE

IEEE 802.1Q defines mandatory frame-level tagging for VLAN segmentation on Ethernet. It works reliably where implemented consistently. It fails silently when native VLANs mismatch or untagged devices sit in trunk paths. It changes nothing about Ethernet’s physical layer — only how bridges interpret frames.