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Bitcoin
Bitcoin doesn’t replace banks—it makes them optional, at the cost of speed, energy, and usability.
Cryptography
Secrets kept by mathematics rather than by trust.
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All briefs
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Diffie–Hellman key exchange
It gave us public keys—but no way to know who sent them.
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Satoshi Nakamoto
A pseudonym built a working blockchain—not to replace banks, but to prove they weren’t necessary.
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Shafi Goldwasser
Cryptography stopped being about hiding messages—and started being about controlling what can be known.